The Layland Notes

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December 18, 2010 at 10:00pm

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Antakolouthia - Virtual entailment

“There is always an optimal value,” explained the philosopher Gregory Bateson, “beyond which anything is toxic, no matter what: oxygen, sleep, psychotherapy, philosophy.”

The same is true of personality traits. The Stoic philosophers referred to this paradox as “antakolouthia,” or the mutual entailment of the virtues. By this view, no virtue is a virtue by itself. They all include an opposite quality, and overusing a specific strength turns it into a liability.

Confidence untempered by humility, for example, turns into arrogance. Courage without prudence becomes recklessness. Tenacity unmediated by flexibility congeals into rigidity. Honesty in the absence of compassion is cruelty.

http://blogs.hbr.org/schwartz/2010/11/redefining-greatness-its-compl.html 

Notes